Prevention and Mitigation Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Prevention and Mitigation Analysis - Essay Example ting circumstances that led to the escape attempt, the response of the authorities during the crisis and then based on these, will focus on recommendations that will curb similar scenarios from arising. The hostage episode began on the early morning of January 18 when two inmates, Ricky K. Wassenaar and Steven J. Coy took control of the kitchen of the Morey unit (a facility that is part of the Lewis Prison Complex in Buckeye, Arizona) by subduing Correctional Officer Kenneth Martin, the lone officer then in charge of a total of 19 inmates assigned to work in the area (â€Å"Preliminary Repport†¦.†, 2004). The two inmates managed to subjugate the officer by wielding â€Å"shanks† or home-made weapons shaped like a knife. After securing Martin with handcuffs, Wassenaar, dressed in the correctional officer’s uniform, managed to access the 20-foot tower situated in the middle of the facility by deceiving the assigned prison guards, Jason N. Auch and Lois Fraley into thinking he is also a correctional officer. Wassenaar quickly hit Auch in the head with a â€Å"three-foot metal pole†, as related by Fraley to Anderson Cooper, host of 360 ° in a later in terview (â€Å"Transcript of Police†¦.†, 2005). Wassenaar then cuffed Fraley’s hands behind her. He then forced his two hostages to show him where the weapons are stored. Around this time, Coy remained in the kitchen and sexually assaulted a female kitchen worker. Afterwards, another correctional officer, Robert D. Cornett arrived at the area to relieve Martin. He too was overpowered by Coy. A short while later, Correctional Officers Coy C. Kelley and Elizabeth M. DeBaugh arrived at the dining area to escort two inmates. Cornett alerted his two colleagues and Kelley tried to wrench the homemade weapon from Coy’s hand but was unsuccessful. Kelley and DeBaugh pursued Coy, alerting several other officers near the tower area. The responding officers then ordered Coy to release his weapon and lie on the ground. Coy

Nation of Islam Essay Example for Free

Nation of Islam Essay Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little in Omaha, Nebraska in 1925. He was born to a minister father that was a supporter of Black Nationalist Movement leader Marcus Garvey, which resulted in Malcolm experiencing discrimination and racial hatred from an early age. His father was killed and his home burned when Malcolm was young, and Malcolm was jailed in his early twenties after several run-ins with the law following his father’s death. He joined the Nation of Islam in while in prison, and when he was paroled in 1952 he was named the national spokesman for the Nation of Islam. Malcolm X was an outspoken, articulate, charismatic man that used television, radio, and every other form of media available to convey the Nation’s message. He preached for militant stance in the black community and for equal rights for African Americans, â€Å"by any means necessary†. This unwavering stance and militant attitude made some see Malcolm as a threat and he was followed under FBI surveillance until he was assassinated in 1965. He used his charisma and his steadfast beliefs to make the message of the Nation of Islam well known in America and to bring the issue of African American rights to the forefront of American consciousness. His mission later transformed from fighting for African American rights to fighting for equal human rights for every race, and he enforced the same militant stance with his new message. Mahatma Gandhi was a human rights leader like Malcolm X but he delivered his message in a very different way. Born Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, he was given the name Mahatma because it means, â€Å"great soul†. He was born in British-ruled India and practiced law in South Africa which was also ruled by Britain. While in South Africa he began a twenty-year campaign for Indian freedom. Instead of X’s militant, unmoving approach, Gandhi practiced and taught the principles of non-violent resistance. He believed it was more honourable to be jailed for one’s cause than to create violence. He also practiced fasting as a way of conveying his message of peace and non-violence. He returned to India after twenty years and became the leader of the Indian Nationalist Movement. After India was declared independent in 1947, it was divided into India and Pakistan and the two countries rioted against one another. Gandhi began a fast to encourage the leaders to stop fighting. After he fasted for five days, the fighting stopped and the countries were at peace until Gandhi was assassinated shortly after. Until his death, Gandhi epitomized his message to, â€Å"Be the change you want to see in the world†. He saw no value in violence, and thought that the message of non-violence as a way of protest could bring tolerance, peace and unity more effectively than any violent act could. Despite the change in his place of residence and the political climate of his country he stayed true to his message of peace and unity.

Realism and Intertextuality in One Hundred Years of Solitude Essay

Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s novel, One Hundred Years of Solitude, is a novel often associated with magic realism. Throughout the novel, the idea of magic realism is promoted through intertext examples of The Bible. Magic realism is defined as an artistic style in which magical elements or irrational scenarios appear in an otherwise realistic or "normal" setting. The many intertextual examples throughout the work are alluded from outside sources such as the Bible and the tragedians of the Greeks and Romans. These allusions not only strengthen the novel, but further correlate them with the idea of magic realism. Magic realism, as defined by Wendy Faris, contains five key elements which must be present for this component to ring true in a piece of literature. The first key element is the novel contains â€Å"†¦something we cannot explain according to the laws of the universe as we know them† (Faris 167). Throughout the novel, several examples which make this constituent true are present. For example, when Jose Arcadia Buendia’s murder occurs and his blood runs through the streets to Ursula’s home, Marquez writes, â€Å"A trickle of blood came out under the door, crossed the living room, went out into the street, continued on in a straight line across the uneven terraces, went down steps and climbed up curbs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Marquez 144). In reality, as readers, it is known that blood cannot travel long distances or climb objects. Remedios the Beauty’s accession to Heaven is another form in which a particular scene cannot be explained by particular laws a s we know them. Marquez writes â€Å"Amaranta felt a mysterious trembling in the lace on her petticoats and she tried to grasp the sheet so that she would not fall down at the instant in which Remedios the B... ...heme found throughout many fiction novels. According to Faris’ five key elements, this novel is indeed a tale of enchanting pragmatism. The novel’s intertextual examples developed by character similarities and actual events from the Bible and Greek mythology and tragedies are woven in the novel in such a way that the reader is oblivious to the fact that they truly exist. As the future scurries upon us, the theme of magic realism will continue to flourish many novels to come. Works Cited Access Bible, The. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. Fitzgerald, Robert. Translator Homer. The Iliad. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press, 2007. Garcia Marquez, Gabriel. One Hundred Years of Solitude. New York: Harper Perennial, 1998. Zamora, Louis Parkinson and Wendy Faris. Magical Realism: Theory, History,Community. Durham: Duke University Press, 1995. Realism and Intertextuality in One Hundred Years of Solitude Essay Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s novel, One Hundred Years of Solitude, is a novel often associated with magic realism. Throughout the novel, the idea of magic realism is promoted through intertext examples of The Bible. Magic realism is defined as an artistic style in which magical elements or irrational scenarios appear in an otherwise realistic or "normal" setting. The many intertextual examples throughout the work are alluded from outside sources such as the Bible and the tragedians of the Greeks and Romans. These allusions not only strengthen the novel, but further correlate them with the idea of magic realism. Magic realism, as defined by Wendy Faris, contains five key elements which must be present for this component to ring true in a piece of literature. The first key element is the novel contains â€Å"†¦something we cannot explain according to the laws of the universe as we know them† (Faris 167). Throughout the novel, several examples which make this constituent true are present. For example, when Jose Arcadia Buendia’s murder occurs and his blood runs through the streets to Ursula’s home, Marquez writes, â€Å"A trickle of blood came out under the door, crossed the living room, went out into the street, continued on in a straight line across the uneven terraces, went down steps and climbed up curbs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Marquez 144). In reality, as readers, it is known that blood cannot travel long distances or climb objects. Remedios the Beauty’s accession to Heaven is another form in which a particular scene cannot be explained by particular laws a s we know them. Marquez writes â€Å"Amaranta felt a mysterious trembling in the lace on her petticoats and she tried to grasp the sheet so that she would not fall down at the instant in which Remedios the B... ...heme found throughout many fiction novels. According to Faris’ five key elements, this novel is indeed a tale of enchanting pragmatism. The novel’s intertextual examples developed by character similarities and actual events from the Bible and Greek mythology and tragedies are woven in the novel in such a way that the reader is oblivious to the fact that they truly exist. As the future scurries upon us, the theme of magic realism will continue to flourish many novels to come. Works Cited Access Bible, The. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. Fitzgerald, Robert. Translator Homer. The Iliad. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press, 2007. Garcia Marquez, Gabriel. One Hundred Years of Solitude. New York: Harper Perennial, 1998. Zamora, Louis Parkinson and Wendy Faris. Magical Realism: Theory, History,Community. Durham: Duke University Press, 1995.

Mercan System Inc.

The company was established in 1980 by Eugene Mercan and the first product was a desalinator. In 1996, the product line included desalinators, particle filters, ozonators, ion exchange resins, and purifiers. In 1996, sales revenues was almost $400 million (annual growth average 12% for past five years), with an expected profit close to $50 million. In 1999, water purifier was added to product line by using brand name â€Å"Delight†.The company has identified a market for its water purifier in developing countries where there is a huge, profitable and attractive market for clean water. Rahul Chatterjee, an International market liaison has been gathering information about the Indian market for home water purification devices. Statement of the Problem Mercan Systems would like to thrive in developing countries. They are seeking market entry elements and entry strategy to the Indian market for home purification devices.The entry strategies would then be compared with those of two other Mercan liaisons who focused on Argentina, Brazil, and Indonesia. Indian Market for Home Water Filtration and Purification The characteristics of this market is complex but Chatterjee found out that there are about four or five competitors in the market with only one or two companies in India’s 25 states. The market may be in its early growth stages and many Indians felt the need for improved water quality. Target Market 44million households comprising of: 40 million households of middle- and upper-middle-class households in the United States and the European Union †¢4 million households who had similar values and lifestyles In addition, 50% of our target market used boiling to make clean water, 40% of our target market used a mechanical device to improve their water quality while 10% of the target market owned neither a filter nor a purifier and seldom boiled their water. Market Segmentation Traditional Method for Home Water Purification: Boiling- Two to five liter s of water for 10 minutes, allow it to cool, and hen transfer it to containers for storage (often in a refrigerator). This procedure is cumbersome, time consuming, and ineffective in removing physical impurities and unpleasant odors. Before storage they will filter their boiled water through â€Å"candle filters†. Water can become recontaminated during handling and storage. Mechanical Methods for Home Water Filtration and Purification: Candle Filters -Low price depend on material (plastic, porcelain or stainless steel) and easy to use. Candle filters were slow, producing 15 liters (one candle) to 45 liters (3 candles).It is needed to be removed, cleaned, and boiled for 20 minutes. Price Rs. 350 to Rs. 1,100. Water Purifiers – These are better than Candle Filters. There are three steps, the first removed sediments, the second objectionable odors and colors and the third harmful bacteria and viruses. Price is Rs. 2,000 to Rs. 7,000. The remaining 10% of the target market owned neither a filter nor a purifier and seldom boiled their water. Strategic alternative courses of action: Market Entry Options 1)Whether to go to Licensing 2)Whether to go to Joint Venture )Whether to go to Acquisition 4)Do Nothing Decision Tree Factor to Consider 1)Qualitative information 2)Quantitative analysis 3)Recommendation Qualitative Information Foreign Investment in India Licensing: Involves supplying key purifier components and license fees will be calculated by per unit basis over the item of the agreement Joint Venture Company: Involves partnering with an existing Indian company and splitting profit equally. Acquisition: Involves purchasing an existing Indian company, then expand to include the water purifier with this arrangement.All profit will belong to Mercan Systems, Inc. Three Business Plans for Indian 1. Apply for market entry to the Foreign Investment Promotion Board, Secretariat for Industrial Approvals, Ministry of Industries. 2. Approval of any royalties and fees, remittances of dividends and interest by Reserve Bank of India, Ministry of Finance. 3. A consulting firm has assured Chatterjee that approval is â€Å"Virtually guarantee† by his consulting firm. Attractiveness of the Indian Market Tax Rates and Average Return on Assets: Corporate tax rates in India probably were somewhat higher than in the United States †¢The average return on assets for all Indian corporations in recent year was almost 18%, for United States corporations was about 11%. Delight Purifier: Uses a combination of technologies to remove four types of contaminants found in potable water: sediments, organic and inorganic chemicals, microbials or cysts, and objectionable tastes and odors. This technology is used to purify water to a level beyond WHO standards. There were two models that were countertop and wall-mount. Positioned as a quality productCompetitors There are many competitors though the three major competitors are: Eureka Forbes This is a Joint venture company between Electrolux (Sweden) and Forbes Cambell (India) which began operations in 1982. The company first brand name was â€Å"Aquaguard† (used ultraviolet rays to kill bacteria and viruses) with a price of Rs. 5,500 and second brand was â€Å"Puresip† (used polyiodide resin to kill bacteria and viruses) with unit price of Rs. 2,000. The company used 2,500 person salesforce (directly on households) to sell Aquaguard and independent dealers to sell Puresip Ion ExchangeThe company began operation in 1964, they use brand name was ZERO-B (Zero-Bacteria). The product ZERO-B purifiers uses a halogenated resin technology which helped prevent iodine deficiency diseases and permitted purified water to be stored up to eight hours without fear of recontamination. Consumer needs to replace the halogenated resin at a cost of Rs. 200 every year. Singer This is a company that might be a suitable partner to manufacture and distribute the Delight purifier. Singerâ €™s product contained nine stages (removed sediments, heavy metals, bad tastes, odors, and colors, killed bacteria and viruses, fungi, and nematodes).The product life of flow rate is at 3. 8 liters per minute was at 40,000 liters (4. 4years for 25 liters per day), but slower liters per minute was 70,000 liters (7. 6 years for 25 liters per day). They described their product as â€Å"state of the art† and singer was a well-known and respected brand name in India Other competitors include: The Delta – Is a carbon copy of Aquaguard, Alfa Water Purifiers, Symphony’s Spectrum, The Sam Group – is â€Å"Water Doctor† purifier, and lastly Batliboi Other Relevant Information about Competition †¢Sales volume of ZERO-B and Singer was around 60,000 units in 1996. Sales volume of Aquaguard and Puresip was 190,000 units. †¢More than 100 Indian companies made and marketed candle filters. †¢All of purifier sales came from large urban areas and o nly ten to fifteen percent of the entire Indian population could be reached. Pros & Cons of alternative means of entry Licensing Pros: There is relatively low risk and low cost associated with this alternative. Also there will be no need for Mercan to study India's culture Cons: Mercan will not have control over activities of Licensee and they may lose image Joint venturePros: Mercan will be actively involved and would have control over business activities Cons: High cost and high risk is involved. There will be low returns and long-term payback period Acquisition Pros: Cost savings and fewer local restrictions may come with this mode of entry Cons: High cost and high risk is involved Distribution Channel/ Place used by competitors Eureka Forbes: Uses 2,500 persons sales force and independent dealers. Ion Exchange: Uses door-to-door sales force and consumer advertising. Singer: Uses 3,000 independent dealers, 210 owned showrooms, and 400 salesmen.Product ; Price Product Positioning Activities of competitors Promotion: Eureka uses Television, newspaper and magazine advertising; Ion Exchange uses Television advertising while Singer uses television, newspaper, outdoor and transit advertising. Quantitative Analysis Licensing: –Capital cost of production facilities and equipment = $30,000 –Cost of office facilities and equipment = $5,000 –Annual fixed cost ranged between $15,000 – $40,000 –Average royalty = Rs. 300 –Total cost (min) = $30,000 + $5,000 + $15,000 = $50,000 –Total cost (max) = $30,000 + $5,000 + $40,000 = $75,000 Exchange rate is 1$ = Rs. 35 –B/E (min) = ($50,000 x 35) ? 300 = 5,834 units –B/E (max) = ($75,000 x 35) ? 300 = 8,750 units Joint Venture/ Acquisition- Four Regions (110,000Units) SkimmingPenetration DealersalesforceDealerSalesforce Initial InvRs. 8,000,000Rs. 8,000,000Rs. 8,000,000Rs. 8,000,000 Fixed CostRs. 7,000,000Rs. 14,000,000Rs. 7,000,000Rs. 14,000,000 ContributionRs. 650/ UnitRs. 500/unitsRs. 300/unitRs. 200/unit B/E Inv12,308units16,000 units26,667 units40,000 units B/E contribution10,770 units28,000 units23,334 units70,000units % market9. 79%25. 45%21. 21%63. 64% Total Contribution contribution*110,000)Rs. 71,500,000Rs. 55,000,000Rs. 33,000,000Rs. 22,000,000 Joint Venture/Acquisition- Two regions (55,000units) SkimmingPenetration DealersalesforceDealerSalesforce Initial InvRs. 4,000,000Rs. 4,000,000Rs. 4,000,000Rs. 4,000,000 Fixed CostRs. 4,000,000Rs. 7,200,000Rs. 4,000,000Rs. 7,200,000 ContributionRs. 650/UnitRs. 500/unitsRs. 300/unitRs. 200/unit B/E Inv6,154units8,000 units13,334 units20,000 units B/E contribution6,154 units14,400 units13,334 units36,000units % market11. 19%26. 18%24. 24%65. 45% Total Contribution (contribution*55,000)Rs. 35,750,000Rs. 7,500,000Rs. 16,500,000Rs. 11,000,000 Joint Venture/Acquisition- National Market (430,000units) SkimmingPenetration DealersalesforceDealerSalesforce Initial InvRs. 30,000,000Rs. 30,000,000Rs. 30,00 0,000Rs. 30,000,000 Fixed CostRs. 40,000,000Rs. 88,000,000Rs. 40,000,000Rs. 88,000,000 ContributionRs. 650/UnitRs. 500/unitsRs. 300/unitRs. 200/unit B/E Inv41,154units60,000 units100,000 units150,000 units B/E contribution61,539 units176,000 units133,333 units440,000units % market14. 31%40. 93%31%102. 3% Total Contribution (contribution*430,000)Rs. 279,500,000Rs. 215,000,000Rs. 129,000,000Rs. 6,000,000 Recommendation From both quantitative and qualitative analysis strategic focus on rural or smaller urban areas would not be wise, at least at the start. Cost of skilled labor in India was around Rs. 20 to Rs. 25. Mercan Systems Inc. should find an Indian partner. Joint Venture/ Acquisition using the skimming pricing strategy with dealers will be most profitable. Need to use promotion like TV commercial, magazines etc. The company can invest 1% of total contribution for promotion activities by using TV commercials and magazines (1% of 279,500,000= Rs. 2,795,000 advertising).

Promote equality and inclusion in health, social care Essay

1.Explain what is meant by- Diversity Diversity can be defined as differences in mental capabilities, personal appearance, race, heritage, beliefs etc. Understanding that everyone is an individual and everyone has different needs.In the care setting i work in, clients have their own personal experiences and preferences, e.g food and activities, different attitudes, behaviour patterns. for e.g to staff: beliefs, race and intellectual ability. These differences make up diversity. see more:inclusion definition in health and social care Equality Equality is ensuring that everybody is treated fairly, equally and as an individual specific to their own needs. Inclusion Inclusion is to make an individual feel included, to feel valued and respected irrespective of their race, gender, personal appearance, sexual orientation etc. In my job role this is about making staff, clients and relatives/visitors feel welcome, valued and respected regardless of their differences. Helping them to feel part of the home and be given the opportunity to be included in all services, facilities, care and support available. 2.Describe the potential effects of discrimination- The potential effects of discrimination can be different for different people. The effects can be physical, emotional or a combination of both. Some potential effects are- Having a loss of trust in services Inflict- taking legal action, seeking advice, prosecution Wider Society- to be discriminated against at work or finding work Feeling ‘Let down’ Weight loss/gain Low self esteem Depression Self harm Humiliation Anger Fear Loss of motivation Increased behaviour problems Difficulty communicating Feeling isolated 3.Explain how inclusive practice promotes equality and supports diversity Inclusive practice promotes a person’s right to access to equal opportunities. By ensuring that this happens promotes diversity. Inclusion refers to providing the opportunity to be included the use of all services and facilities available. Care workers who understand the needs of a  4222-303  patient regardless of their diverse nature and background, valuing the beliefs of others and keeping an accepting perception will aid in the promotion of equality. Be able to work in an inclusive way 1. Explain how legislation and codes of practice relating to equality, diversity and discrimination apply to own work role In my work place we have policies and procedures on equality, diversity, inclusion and discrimination. These are rights that do not have the force of law, but which are enforceable within social care and designed to improve the quality of services that people receive. Each country of the UK has a  body that is responsible for inspecting all social care facilities to make sure that they are complying with national minimum standards. The Care Quality Commision (CQC) essential standards of quality and safety The Human Rights Act 1998 The Equality Act 2010 The Care Standards Act 2008 Health and Safety at work Act Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) for Social care workers Be able to promote diversity, equality and inclusion 3. Describe how to challenge discrimination in a way that promotes change The way that you would challenge discrimination in general is to discuss the reasons why certain practises are in place with your supervisor or with other staff who are working under you. Provide evidence e.g daily evaluation care plans to demonstrate how changes can be made which help prevent discriminatory practise. If you observe discrimination then you might organise a team meeting or training session where you demonstrate examples of discrimination and show staff ways that they can change their work to prevent this.

Feline Leukemia essays

Feline Leukemia essays Will ever test negative. If your cat is tested positive, then it usually has around ten or twelve years to live. There are ways to prevent feline leukemia however. The easiest way is to have your pet vaccinated against the virus. There are seven different types of vaccinations available. These vaccinations are not 100% effective. If you have an outdoor cat, only let it roam around your backyard, to reduce the change of infection caused by another cat. The most important prevention method is to not let your cat share its water, food dishes, or litter box. If you have a cat that lives indoor, and your house has been previously exposed to another feline with this disease, then it is necessary to have the house disinfected. Do not let your cat back into the house until the process is complete. If you fail to ignore this, your cat is high at risk for infection of this dreadful disease. You should always have your cat regularly checked for the virus. There are many similarities and differences between feline leukemia and human leukemia. Many people believe that humans can get leukemia from felines, this is very untrue. The methods of treating the leukemia is different as well. Some methods of treatment for humans are surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and biological therapy. Felines are not offered these methods, besides surgery. Feline leukemia is not a joke, it is something very serious and is lethal to felines across the world. ...

Should countries drill for oil in protected areas to reduce gas prices

Should countries drill for oil in protected areas to reduce gas prices There is a great debate going on all around the world today about whether or not countries should drill for oil in protected areas in order to reduce the price of gas. While the debate gets very heated, the reality is that there should be no debate at all. Protected areas are protected for a reason and no oil drilling should be allowed in those areas under any circumstances. The Meaning and Purpose of Protected Areas Protected wildlife or natural areas have been designated all around the world to preserve the natural eco-system of the world and to prevent human expansion that could destroy the ecology of the planet. Many of these natural areas were carefully selected, as well, based on the specific flora and fauna that inhabit them. The Redwood National and State Forest in the state of California in the United States, for example, was protected as of 1968 when the park was formed. This is the last vestige of the amazing old-growth redwood tree and is protected to prevent those trees from being wiped off of the face of the earth. Pollution and Disruption Similar areas around the world are designed to protect endangered animal and plant species and to provide everyday people with a learning opportunity when they go to visit. If oil drilling is allowed in any of these protected areas, the entire purpose of the designation as a protected area will be lost. Oil drilling means clearing entire areas of the natural wildlife. It means more human and vehicle traffic. And it means a great deal of noise. All of this could cause animals to become disoriented and flee, putting the eco-system out of balance and causing irreparable damage. Expansive Ecological Impact The other issue with oil drilling is that it is not isolated to the locations of the oil drills and rigs. The oil must be transported from the region. This is often accomplished either by trucking it out or by building an oil pipeline. Trucking it out means building wide roads through the protected areas and lands. This, again, will cause damage to the ecosystem and lead to the deaths of many old-growth trees, plants, and animals. The trucks themselves produce a great deal of noise and air pollution as well which will, again, cause serious damage to the delicate natural balance of the region. Water Contamination Drilling for oil also comes with a great deal of inherent risk to the area in which the drilling is taking place. Water contamination by way of the pollutants and by-products of oil drilling is practically a given any time oil is drilled in a region. While a company  may  make efforts to contain the waste water created through running oil drilling machinery and processing crude oil, this does not prevent that water from soaking into the soil and getting into ground water supplies. There is also no guarantee that companies will even try to prevent that wastewater from contaminating nearby lakes, rivers, and streams, making them unsuitable for drinking or sustaining fish and other life. Oil Spill Risks And, of course, there is the risk that the oil drilling and transportation process through protected areas will cause oil spills in the region. In fact, the reality of the drilling process is that oil spills are basically inevitable. Experts estimate that around 70 oil spills occur every day in the United States alone. While these spills are usually small and can be contained, they still have an impact. Big spills too are inevitable and do happen more frequently than most people know. Large spills can wipe out the wildlife and eco-system for miles upon miles and can take years or centuries to recover from. Even then, much of the wildlife that once inhabited the area has been destroyed and cannot come back, especially if the species is endangered or can only inhabit that region. With all of these factors in mind, it is easy to see why there should be no drilling for oil in protected areas to reduce gas prices. There are alternative options to increased oil drilling and the destruction of protected natural areas including finding and developing alternative and renewable energy sources. Under no circumstances should countries be allowed to drill for oil in any protected area.

Hypocorisma

Hypocorisma Hypocorisma Hypocorisma By Maeve Maddox When Dick Cheney said, â€Å"We’re in deep doo-doo,† he was expressing himself with hypocorisma. Hypocorisma is a type of euphemism derived from a Greek word meaning â€Å"pet name.† The English word hypocorism may be defined as â€Å"the diminutive or otherwise altered version of a given name.† Sometimes the original name is clear in the hypocorism: Johnny < John Chris < Christopher Millie < Millicent Pat, Patty Sometimes the hypocorism differs from the original name: Kit < Christopher Hal < Henry Ned < Edward Meg, Peggy < Margaret Molly, Polly Hypocorisma also applies to the diminutives of ordinary words like television and â€Å"nursery words†: words used by adults in speaking to young children. Here are examples of diminutives of ordinary words often used by adults: telly < television undies < underwear hanky < handkerchief comfy < comfortable Here are some typical nursery words. Several are euphemisms. Several are completely different in appearance from the words they represent: doggy, bow-wow for dog horsey, gee-gee for horse choo-choo for train pee-pee, wee-wee, number one for urine doo-doo, poo-poo, poop, number two for feces grown-up for adult scaredy-cat for easily frightened person The use of diminutives and pet names is usually an indication of affection or intimacy, but sometimes hypocorisma is used to diminish, infantilize, or insult. For example, the same words used as endearments by family members and close friends are seen as insulting when they come from strangers. Some people don’t seem to mind being called honey, sweetie, or babe by store clerks or other service personnel, but others feel emotions ranging from annoyance to fury: I have walked out of restaurants after being called honey [or] babe. Dear Abby said it is sexual harassment. I HATE being called honey. Newington police arrested a man they said became angry when a store clerk called him honey and then punched her in the face. A friendly â€Å"Hon† to frequent customers in a local restaurant is one thing, but in the workplace in general, employees, customers, and healthcare workers would be wise to avoid terms of endearment, especially when dealing with a segment of the population that is bombarded with such empty endearments. People in their seventies and above are so often addressed in nursery language that researchers have a word for this type of hypocorisma: elderspeak. According to Becca Levy, an associate professor of epidemiology and psychology at Yale University, the way elderly people are talked to affects their health. A University of Kansas study of the effects of elderspeak on people suffering from mild to moderate dementia found that when staff spoke to patients as if they were children, saying such things as â€Å"Good girl!† and â€Å"How are we feeling?† the patients were more aggressive and less receptive than if they were spoken to adult-to-adult. The study concluded that elderspeak sends a message that the patient is incompetent and â€Å"begins a negative downward spiral for older persons, who react with decreased self-esteem, depression, withdrawal and the assumption of dependent behaviors.† Words matter. So does context. Terms of endearment are probably best reserved for the people we hold dear. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Inquire vs Enquire75 Idioms and Expressions That Include â€Å"Break†English Grammar 101: Prepositions

The Gamble House Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Gamble House - Essay Example The house was later donated to the City of Pasadena in collaboration with the University of Southern California. The University Of Southern California School Of Architecture currently controls the preservation and entailed programs in the house. It became a National Historic Landmark in the year 1978 (Arntzenius & Linda, 59). The gambles bought a building site 4 Westmoreland region in an area called "Little Switzerland† that overlooks the picturesque Arroyo. This region was a prospering art colony in 1890 that had been propagated with the shift in arts and crafts shift. The gambles selected a site having rustic setting, excellent and also unpretentious site neglecting highly fashionable millionaire’s sites. Westmoreland Place was as still a quiet street that the family had chosen for the retirement home. Awarding of the contract to Greene and Greene was prompted by the previous architectural design they had undertaken in Little Switzerland. The Greene and Greene had a flair for proper design, profound knowledge of materials selection and ample ability to gauge the customers’ requirements with respect to furnishings and consequent decorations procedure entailed. The design had Douglas fir frame and subsequent boards enclosed or covered in 36-inch redwood (Arntzenius & Linda, 87). This covering provided insulation from regional Pasadena heat. The house has a Chinese lift design that recurs on the window mullions and along the included furniture. It has original Sarouk rugs decorating the polished wooden floor and also leaded art glass entry doors. The doors were designed by Charles Green and subsequently crafted by Los Angeles master craftsman Emil Lange. The design has entailed gnarled California live oak similar to the currently designs protected by Arroyo Seco. The door design has entrenched capacity that provides cross ventilation enabled by the inclusion of double doors of the Burma teak-paneled hall. This section abutted the ornamental garden pond and

Select an article from a magazine or newspaper that has something in Essay

Select an article from a magazine or newspaper that has something in it that pertains to biology - Essay Example Participants were later showed the same pictures as well as more new ones on a new day. The subjects who had taken the dose managed to identify the pictures that were similar. Other than this test, others were conducted and it was concluded that a certain dose of caffeine, say 200mg, needed to be observed in order to enhance the effect that caffeine had on consolidating the memory. Biology is mainly composed of natural science that is concerned mostly with the study of living things and life as well as their structures, functioning and their growth. Basically, biology is what surrounds us as human beings and the various activities we take part into. In biology, one learns about how the human body works and functions in order to keep one alive. It also introduces one to the most important body organs such as the brain, heart and the liver and how they function. The article on caffeine and long term memory boost relates to this course in that it provides some explanations based on researched work on how one’s memory can be enhanced. The brain is a core topic studied under biology, how it functions and coordinates all the activities in the human body. Biology also introduces students to important concepts in life. One, for example, learns about various hazards that may come as a result of substance abuse such as the hazards that may be brought about by abu sing drugs. The article also to some extent covers on the effects of caffeine related to biological concepts. A book by Harrison, Principles of Internal Medicine, provides relevant information on how the memory is essential in allowing humans not only to store, but also to retrieve information. It also provides information on how the human brain works and the various processes involved (Isselbacher & Harrison 98). This information enables one to understand the article on caffeine especially on the part

Technology in Correctional Facilities Term Paper

Technology in Correctional Facilities - Term Paper Example Technological prisons are designed in a manner in which violators or the offenders within the prisons are as well taken care of in terms of their behavioral checks and controls. It is obvious that the inmates would always resort to certain acts that would jeopardize the general security of both the fellow inmates and the correctional facilities (Vargas et al., 2011). The technology is then instituted in several broader paradigms to minimize injuries or other physical punishments. These actions limit the occurrence such violations thereby maximizing the overall security of both the inmates well as facilitating put that assist in the administration of the prisons (Stahl, 2006). To start with, the technology tends to offer a series of strategies that deal with social engineering. These among others include the removal of the violators’ targets within the prisons, which minimizes the opportunity for the inmates finding avenues to commit a crime. Secondly is making the violatorâ₠¬â„¢s target valueless. For instance, it aims at making the target of the intended offense quite unattractive hence reducing the desire of the inmates to interfere. Another revolves around the incapacitation of the offenders (United States.1994). These may include, restrainers, immobilizers, or containers that reduce the will or urge by the offender or incapacitates their ability to undertake an offending action. Another strategy includes the insulation of the offenders’’ targets on derailing the ability or accessibility on the offender's side to commit the offense. In this case, tranquilizers may be afforded to help suppress certain behaviors that are deemed quite aggressive such as the sexual drives that often cause sexual misbehaviors and offense-related courses (Stahl, 2006). Technology prisons against nontechnology prisons It is quite vital necessary to identify the difference between technology prisons and the prisons where there are many interactions between the correctional officers and the inmates are as unimpeachable as the application and the efficacy of the former. This emphasizes on the proper technology and the level in which it is applied.

Religious studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Religious studies - Essay Example A religion is a set of beliefs and practices of a community that holds them in the obedience of codified beliefs, believed to be the orders from God, and rituals. It refers to both the personal practices and the rituals carried out by a group to reflect conformity of beliefs and obedience to the Supreme Controller. Various definitions for religion have evolved and many materialistic individuals have tried to push the religion to a separate sector of life only restricting it to the compulsory acts of worship and rituals but, religion is in no way different from one’s actions outside his/her place of worship. A number of religions and its followers, especially Islam, teach their disciples to spend their entire life whether in Masjid (Muslims place of worship) or outside according to the commands of God and stress on the fact that religion is at the heart of life. Whichever religion a person belongs to is evident from his daily routine, doctrines of a particular religion are revealed by the rituals and the actions one performs in his daily life. A Christian would go to a church every Sunday, a Muslim would visit his Masjid five times a day and similarly a Hindu would visit his Temple at prescribed times. Islam has been the most controversial religion in the aftermath of 9/11 attacks on the twin towers, but ironically enough since then it has been the fastest spreading religion throughout the world and especially in the West. Due to this astounding fact Islamic doctrines have been used in the context of the following discussion. Belief in the religious context is the faith in the existence of something supernatural, unseen and unexplainable for an ordinary mind. Conviction is thus the first step and the most basic requirement of any religion. To strongly believe the truth of the existence of God, the fundamental principles of a religion, the Holy Book and the honesty of the Religious Leader who brought the divine message is the doorway towards

Nigerian Agip Oil Company Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9250 words

Nigerian Agip Oil Company - Dissertation Example From this study it is clear that the oil and gas industry is one of the most important sectors of the Nigerian economy. Thus there is a considerable amount of literature providing information on this specific industry. These have also offered an insight into the operations of the major oil producing companies present in Nigeria. Some of the literary works have also enumerated the success of these international companies and have tried to determine the reasons behind their high performance.This study declares that  similar to Mariby’s report, author Frynas has examined the conflict between the foreign oil companies and local village communities in Nigeria. The book begins by tracing the origins and evolution of Nigeria’s oil industry. He has provided an account of the overall consequences of the operations of the oil companies on the population residing in the villages. The book has specifically concentrated on the social and environmental effects of the firms’ activities on the native inhabitants of the country. This has always served as a complicated subject of research and also given rise to several viewpoints on the issue. The author has further considered the historical aspect of the issue and describes the past incidents of clashes between the two parties. He also enumerates the Nigerian government’s laws in this context and tries to analyze the social, economic and legislative hindrances which the oil companies were likely to encounter.

Religious studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Religious studies - Essay Example A religion is a set of beliefs and practices of a community that holds them in the obedience of codified beliefs, believed to be the orders from God, and rituals. It refers to both the personal practices and the rituals carried out by a group to reflect conformity of beliefs and obedience to the Supreme Controller. Various definitions for religion have evolved and many materialistic individuals have tried to push the religion to a separate sector of life only restricting it to the compulsory acts of worship and rituals but, religion is in no way different from one’s actions outside his/her place of worship. A number of religions and its followers, especially Islam, teach their disciples to spend their entire life whether in Masjid (Muslims place of worship) or outside according to the commands of God and stress on the fact that religion is at the heart of life. Whichever religion a person belongs to is evident from his daily routine, doctrines of a particular religion are revealed by the rituals and the actions one performs in his daily life. A Christian would go to a church every Sunday, a Muslim would visit his Masjid five times a day and similarly a Hindu would visit his Temple at prescribed times. Islam has been the most controversial religion in the aftermath of 9/11 attacks on the twin towers, but ironically enough since then it has been the fastest spreading religion throughout the world and especially in the West. Due to this astounding fact Islamic doctrines have been used in the context of the following discussion. Belief in the religious context is the faith in the existence of something supernatural, unseen and unexplainable for an ordinary mind. Conviction is thus the first step and the most basic requirement of any religion. To strongly believe the truth of the existence of God, the fundamental principles of a religion, the Holy Book and the honesty of the Religious Leader who brought the divine message is the doorway towards

Prepare for Debate (Marketing Behavior class) Essay

Prepare for Debate (Marketing Behavior class) - Essay Example This information exemplifies that due to the enormity of products offered in the market, through various media which teenagers actually access, their skeptical attitude could potentially ward off advertisers who aggressively market their products and services. Finally, teenagers are the most diverse market segment (Mediamark, 2003, p. 5) and have distinct choices with regard to the products they intend to buy, where to buy them, and what medium they most frequently use to search for products and services. Marketing aggressively means a marketing approach or strategy that is very forceful, energetic and costly. By marketing aggressively, the organization would be spending resources on strategies where teenagers could not even pay attention to. According to Best Knowledge Source (2010), â€Å"teens are the hardest demographic to market to. They are the most challenging and unpredictable group to try and reach. As with any marketing strategy the key is to know who you are trying to sell to and what interests those most. Since most teens are still trying to find themselves and dont always know what they want, its hard for businesses to find out what most matters to them† (par.

The outbreak of the cold war between the years of 1945-49 Essay Example for Free

The outbreak of the cold war between the years of 1945-49 Essay Question: Using sources A,B,C,D,E and F your own knowledge, who do you think was to blame for the outbreak of the cold war between the years of 1945-49? There is numerous numbers of arguments that blame the Russians for the Cold war this was by people with clear orthodox views. This is shown in sources A, B, C and D. But however many revisionists have also argued that USA was at fault, this can be seen in source E. However post revisionist argues that cold war was both Russias and the USAs fault this can be seen in source F. Source A is from a historian who talks about the need for American self interest. The importance of the American economy. I think that this source shows that Americas was not at fault for the Cold war and that they were only trying to stabilise their economy and avoid another depression. The source is clearly written by a person with orthodox views as it also say that post-war period was a perfect way of America spreading its idea of peace and prosperity. This source I feel clearly shows that Russia was to blame as it shows that America was only interested in self interest. Furthermore Source B highlights the point the point that Russia was to blame for the cold war this is because source B is a picture of a traditional Russian Bear smothering the world and crawling all over it. This shows that the Russians intended to spread their word of communism all over the world. The source is clearly drawn by a person with orthodox views and who believes that Russia was trying to bring the whole world under its sphere of influence. This again shows that Russia was to blame for the cold war. In addition Source D which was written by Arthur Schlesinger who was a key orthodox writer? Source D shows that after the war Stalin had a lingering hunger for world domination which was driven by his paranoia and also says that the cold war was a response by America which was trying to liberate the communist aggression. This clearly shows that the Russia was to blame for the Cold war this is because of when Schlesinger stated that Stalin wanted world domination this shows that America only countered to stop the world from falling into the hands of Stalin. Furthermore in Source C it firstly says that America provoked Russia but however it quickly moves to establish the point that the USA was responding to a range of dangers from the Soviets for e.g. the Iron Curtain which Churchill spoke about. Source C is also a clear orthodox view as it shows that USA only reacted to Russia initial actions. It also say that the USAs reaction was also a response to the results of the Second World War. Furthermore other facts that can be said that shows that Russia started the Cold war was the fact of its Salami Tactics and how it brought down many eastern European countries also the Czechoslovakian coup and the infamous death of Czech Patriot Jan Masuryk and also The Berlin Blockade. However Source E contradicts the fact that Russia was at fault for the Cold war this source shows that the Soviets only desired security in the form of friendly states and not in the form of invasion. But however instead of Russia paranoia the Americans paranoia that the soviets were planning to take over the world provoked them in taking an aggressive get tough with Russia policy. This is a revisionist view as it points the blame to the USA for the cold war. Furthermore during 1945-49 there was many things in which the Americans done to provoke the Russians such as in the infamous Iron curtain speech by Churchill also the Kennan Long telegram these are signs that America had started the Cold war because they started to provoke Russia first. However Source F contradicts both the Orthodox and the Revisionist view as its is a picture which shows that the Americans and the Russians trying to split the world in half. This post revisionist picture indicates that may be both the superpowers were at fault because they both seemed to want to bring counties into its sphere of influence the post revisionist view is what most neutral see as the correct view this is because if you weigh up all the actions between 1945-49 such as The Marshall plan, Truman doctrine and Berlin airlift vs. the Salami Tactics, Soviet pressure on Iran and the Berlin blockade then you can see that they just provoked each other. In conclusion I feel that the orthodox and revisionist view both highlight key points and show faults of the other sides but I feel that the post revisionist is the most accurate as it shows that both camps were at fault for the Cold war. This is because both the USA and the Russians had done things to accredit them with the blame of the cold war. Finally I believe that the cold war was a bilateral thing and only lasted so long because of both of the camps lack of negotiation.

Coca Colas Entry Strategies Into The African Market Marketing Essay

Coca Colas Entry Strategies Into The African Market Marketing Essay Coca colas entry strategies into the African market. The Coca-Cola Company is one of the largest manufacturers, distributors and marketers of nonalcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups in the world. Coca-Colas headquarters are in Atlanta, Georgia, in America. It is best known for its flagship product, Coca-Cola, and is one of the largest corporations in the United States. Today, Coca-Cola is an internationally recognized soft drinks company with ambitious plans to further grow the brand. The company owns the majority of the soft drinks available in coolers and in vending machines in the western world. Some of these brands include, Coca-Cola and sub brands1, Dr Pepper, Fanta, Sprite, Oasis and PowerAde. A full list of Coca-Colas affiliated brands can be found on their corporate website2. The 2005 Annual Report states the company sells beverage products in more than 312 countries or territories.3 The international presence of Coca-Cola is phenomenal and its logo, advertising and colours are among the most recognized in the world. When an organization has made a decision to enter an overseas market, there are a variety of options open to it. An organization wishing to go international faces three major issues: i) Marketing which countries, which segments, how to manage and implement marketing effort, how to enter with intermediaries or directly, with what information? ii) Sourcing whether to obtain products, make or buy? iii) Investment and control joint venture, global partner, acquisition? Decisions in the marketing area focus on the value chain . The strategy or entry alternatives must ensure that the necessary value chain activities are performed and integrated. . One of the critical questions to examine in establishing an international development strategy is to select the entry mode in the target foreign country and the distribution channel. Several alternative entry strategies can be considered, Multinational enterprises (MNEs) are expanding their global reach, carrying their products and brands to new and diverse markets in emerging economies. As they tailor their strategies to the local context, they have to create product and brand portfolios that match their competences with local needs. A multi-tier strategy with local and/or global brands may provide MNEs with the widest reach into the market and the potential for market leadership. However, it has to be supported with an appropriate combination of global and local resources. Foreign entrants thus have to develop operational capabilities for the specific context, which requires complementary resources that are typically controlled by local firms.One of such an organization is coca cola company. Coke has recently started to heavily invest in the African market. Africa was actually a low priority region for Coca-Cola until 1997 when citing rapid population growth and disproportionately low sales, the company developed a new market strategy aiming to double sales in 5 years. Indeed, per capita consumption in Africa has grown from 18 servings in 1986 to 37 servings in 2006. Unit case volume sales are up 4 percent from 2005 to 2006. This growth was predominantly driven by 23 percent unit case volume growth in Egypt, after Coca-Cola opened a new divisional office in Cairo. Coke has clearly decided to focus its energies on emerging markets throughout the world and Coke can honestly brag about increasing its sales volume on a global scale. However, as new countries are aggressively targeted by Cokes marketing machine, dietary patterns change, and the rate of western-style diet-related diseases increase. Entry strategies into the African market. Coca Cola Company entered into the global market using various modes of entry. The most common modes are exporting, licensing and franchising. Besides exporting beverages and its special syrups, Coca cola also exporting its merchandises to foreign distributors and companies. The company has also started licensing with bottlers around the world and supplying its special syrup necessary to produce the product. Coca cola works with more than 300 bottlers internationally to produce, deliver, market and sell products around the world. In 1984 a candy store owner Joseph A Biedenham began bottling coca cola to sell using common glass called Hutchinson. Benjamin F. Thomas and Joseph B. Whitehead have made first bottling agreement with Coca cola. During 1900-1909, three main bottlers divided the country into territories and sold bottling rights to local entrepreneurs. In 1916, a distinctive bottle called contour bottle has been designed to distinguish from imitator. The contour bottle became trademark status by U.S patent office. During 1920s more than 1000 coca cola bottlers were operating in U.S. Between 1920s and 1930s, company leader Robert W. Woodruff began expand internationally through establishing bottling operation outside U.S. In 1940, before World War II, 64 bottling plant were setup around the world. During 1970s and 1980s many small and medium-sized bottlers consolidated to better serve huge amount of global customers. Strong licensing relationship with bottlers became the base for Coca Colas entire business growth. Franchising is a special type of licensing strategy. There is various type of franchising. The type used by Coca Cola is manufactured-sponsored wholesalers franchise system. In franchising the finished products and sold to the retailers in local market. In case of Coca Cola Company licensing proved most suitable mode of market entry. T he licensing strategy must ensure ongoing competitive advantages such as export market opportunities, low-risk manufacturing relationships, and diffusion of new products. Other market entry mode such as exporting also proved useful in expanding globally. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Coca-Cola has massive world appeal. The products image is loaded with over-romanticizing, and this is an image many people have taken deeply to heart. The Coca-Cola image is displayed on T-shirts, hats, and collectible memorabilia. This extremely recognizable branding is one of Coca-Colas greatest strengths.7 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Additionally, Coca-Colas bottling system is one of their greatest strengths. It allows them to conduct business on a global scale while at the same time maintaining a local approach. The bottling companies are locally owned and operated by independent business people who are authorised to sell products of the Coca-Cola Company. Because Coke does not have outright ownership of its bottling network, its main source of revenue is the sale of concentrate to its bottlers. Other brands owned by the Coca Cola company that have a strong brand image.8 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Seasonal advertising awareness e.g. TV Christmas advert and summer advert. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Coca-Colas brand name is known well throughout 94% of the world today à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Coca-Colas bottling system also allows the company to take advantage of infinite growth opportunities around the world. This strategy gives Coke the opportunity to service a large geographic, diverse area. . Coca-Cola has successfully employed the hub-and-spoke model in multiple rural emerging markets. In Africa, for instance, 9 Coca-Cola set up Manual Distribution Centers in which an independent person was given the rights to distribute Coca-Cola products within a defined radius14. Similarly, in India local entrepreneurs sell Coca-Cola using all possible means of transport, ranging from trucks, auto-rickshaws, cycle rickshaws and hand carts, to even camel carts in Rajasthan and mules in hilly areas, to transport its product from the nearest hub.15 (See exhibit 3) As Colgate and Coca-Cola have shown, the hub-and-spoke model for FMCG products works well because it addresses the inventory cost and transportation infrastructure issues that are associated with distributing products in rural emerging markets while also providing for good product availability at the small-village level. In the villages, farmers earn the bulk of their income during two to three peak harvest months, earning nothing during troughs. Farm labors get a daily wage when thereà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s work to do; at other times they sit around idle, migrate to towns, or scratch a living from other sources.36 Equally important is the ability to execute on the ground and deliver consistently across this wide variety of markets, even as they change and mature over the longer term. Many of the early entrants to Africa have established successful, profitable businesses. Companies have been able to generate competitive advantage by influencing consumer preferences, building brand loyalty and shaping industry structure before competitors have a chance to become established. The majority of emerging market nations continue to have largely rural, agrarian-based economies.1 In Africa alone, of the seven hundred million residents , roughly five hundred million people lived in rural areas.2 Delivering products and services into this market presents both unique challenges and enormous opportunities for companies. The nature of rural emerging markets makes building a successful marketing channel challenging. The population is widely dispersed, transportation infrastructure is poor or non-existent, household incomes are low and sporadic, and traditional methods of creating brand trust and awareness will not work. I propose that an entering company needs to design marketing channels that both successfully deliver products to customers in a capital-efficient way, and that unlock the latent desire that customers have to purchase and receive those products. In this manner, not only are transporters and warehouses part of a successful marketing channel, but so are entities that educate customers about products and services they may not know they need, as are the financial programs that help customers finance their purchases. The key points coca cola company should focus on when designing their rural distribution networks in emerging markets are as follows: 1. The company should choose the distribution network model that is appropriate for the product or service it is selling. 2. While continuing to meet the customers needs, the company should aggregate consumer demand into central locations as much as possible in order to decrease inventory and transportation costs. 3. The company should consider taking advantage of rural entrepreneurs (REà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s) to facilitate last-mile product delivery and sales. Such rural entrepreneurs include retailers and kiosk operators. Although consumers in rural emerging markets clearly have low and sporadic incomes, it would be a mistake to assume that these consumers necessarily desire to purchase cheap products. Instead, as Prahalad writes, the consumers are very brand-conscious and are motivated to buy quality goods. However, at the same time, they are by necessity very value-conscious.37 The challenge for companies entering this market is to offer consumers high-quality products and brands while also offering . When AIDS advocates in Africa noticed that Coca-Cola products were available in remote African villages, it sparked the idea that perhaps the companys supply chain experts could assist in delivering life-saving drugs to AIDS victims. The drugs are typically hard to come by, especially in the outlying regions of poor countries. In some regions, it is not uncommon for the drugs to take 30 days to get through a nonprofits supply chain before arriving at their final destination. In 2009, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria asked Coke for assistance improving the organizations supply chain. The company agreed to help with a project in 2010, and the corporation worked with the Global Fund, Tanzanias Medical Stores Department, the Gates Foundation and Accenture Development Partnerships to get life-saving drugs to far-flung villages in Africa. What we noticed was that Coca-Colas products always seemed to get to every remote region, and we thought that if they could get their products there, with their support, maybe we could, too, said Gabriel Jaramillo, the Global Funds general manager, according to the Daily Beast. The drug supply chain hasnt been perfected, according to a study from the Yale School of Public Health. However, it has greatly improved access to medication in rural regions. Ill patients now have an 80 percent chance of receiving the correct medication, up dramatically from only a 50 percent chance two years ago. While the old delivery systems took a month to get drugs to the correct area, supply chains have been optimized and delivery time is now estimated at merely five days. Coca-Cola isnt doing all the work for the project they give expert advice and input, but Tanzanias Medical Stores Department is chipping in and having its employees learn the basics of supply chain management, logistics and distribution. However, the project doesnt only involve learning about how supply chains operate. All the partners are working to develop infrastructure in poorer developing areas, so Coke products and medications can more easily get where theyre needed most. Due to the success of this program, it has expanded to Ghana and Mozambique, where supply chains are still too underdeveloped to get rural residents the drugs they need. By working with one of the worlds largest distributors, groups looking to expand access to AIDS medication have developed a new system to better serve ill patients in remote regions.

The Fast Food Health Scam Essay -- Health, Nutrition

For decades the fast-food industry has supplied Americans with tasty, comforting food, quickly and for a low cost. It was not until recently, when the health craze first hit America in the late 1980’s that the corporations developed a new approach to marketing health food products to fit their customer’s wants (Nielsen 450). Even the most common fast food chains, such as McDonalds and Subway started advertising â€Å"healthier† food items on their menus to continue appealing to the general public. In order to maintain significant market share of the industry, fast food companies must entice people of all ages and advertise alternative menu options, even if the nutrition content does not support the messaging. While fast food restaurants give the impression of offering healthy food, nutritionist studies show healthy alternatives are not as nutritious as advertised (Chandon 85). The reality is Fast Food companies hoax their costumers into believing the fast-food ad vertised is healthier but do not provide enough nutritional information for them to make educated decisions. The advertising technique of persuasion leads to false impressions of a product, much like the advertisement claims of selling healthy fast food. In â€Å"The Indictments Against Advertising† by Courtland L. Bovee and William F. Arens, both authors of business and contemporary advertising textbooks, briefly discuss advertising’s effect on the consumer. They also showcase business strategies, in this case the fast-food industry, persuading people to â€Å"want what they don’t need† (Bovee 358). With fast food marketing teams promoting healthy alternatives like apples instead of French fries or milk instead of soda, the companies are able to dupe the consumer into believing the... ... example, ordering a double quarter pounder with cheese and apple slices gives a false since of justification because they chose to forgo French fries (Chandon 302). Adding a marginally healthy substitute to an unhealthy entrà ©e should not be construed as a nutritional meal. Consumers also need to be aware of the adverse effects of adding high-fat high-sodium extras to their meals, such as cheese, mayonnaise, dressings, and special sauces. Instead if a person wants nutritional value within a fast-food meal they must diligently consider health content and portion size to avoid overeating and unwanted weight gain. Individuals need to take personal responsibility of their choices and not believe the false impressions of advertisers. Implementing nutritional knowledge not only while dinning in fast-food restaurants but into everyday life will lead to healthy longevity.

Mapping an Argument Essay

The first article talks about the lack of regulation on the quality and safety of our food supply even though there are health food options, such as fruits and vegetables. Especially, in the federal school lunch programs that have contributed to poor health of our younger citizens. The United States has had one of the safest food systems in the world, but within the last few years 70 million Americans have gotten sick, 300,000 have been hospitalized, and 5,000 die from food-borne illnesses each year. Consumers always identify with wholesome – not harmful foods. Our children today are most at risk from these food threats, with about half of all food-borne illnesses hitting children under 15. The tens of millions of victims of food-borne illnesses represent only a small segment of the causalities from our failure as Americans to require safe and nutritious foods. A regulation of chemicals, many of the fruits and vegetables that should be healthy and nutritious are being laced with dangerous pesticides. Many foods that are being marketed to our children have trans-fats and high fructose corn syrup, that have contributed to the epidemic of obesity in young children, heart disease and diabetes in older populations. It is far from perfect, but the Food Safety Enhancement Act (HR2749) was passed by the House of Representatives in 2008 and has taken steps in the right direction. The Act has given more authority to the FDA, which had restored some of the power to conduct food inspections and strengthen oversight. Yes, many regulations have been in place but since January 2010, over 850,000 pounds of beef have been recalled due to E. oli. Like I said it is far from over, but many more safety legislation should be able to target the largest causes of these food-borne illnesses. I believe that all of this would not happen if the growth of small farms. The less risk of contamination and not as many people would be put into the hospital or even die because the animals, fruits and vegetables would be processed and cleaned correctly. They would be handled with no pesticides and would actually be more healthy then what is grown today. The second article talks about online poker. Many states are trying to outlaw online gambling, for example Minnesota, their arguments are trying to save citizens from ruin, but many states are running their own casino and betting operations. A ban on poker, a game the requires skill, is against American and capitalist principles and would restrict people’s freedom. Monday April 29, 2009, The Minnesota Department of Public Safety gave notice to all major internet service providers that they will be ordered to block service to a list of 200 internet gambling related sites. It may expand to â€Å"thousands† of sites, depending on compliance. Chris Fox, who plays poker for a living, is very biased about the issue since he plays poker for a living and if the ban is upheld, then he would have to move states. Canada on the other hand has not made online poker illegal and are much more friendly toward online poker players. Online poker is all about skill and defined on the Department of Public Safety’s own website, games of skills are not illegal. When the government all of a suddenly tries to attempt something like enforcing a law that does not even really exist and try to prevent players from doing something that is actually legal, it is always about money or politics. In conclusion, there is really no conclusion since there are many ways around this prohibition and that it will not prevent anyone who really wants to play from getting online and playing poker where ever they choose to. The Wire Act of 1961, which was meant for preventing the transmission of sports bets over phone lines and the internet did not exist. Many people have emailed the Department of Justice to let them know that people play online poker every day and that they should come arrest these people, but never heard anything back. The threats that are used now are very minimal and will find other Americans to hassle.

Outcomes in human resource agency

Costing is highly important in business activity. Labor costing is an essential element in calculating the total cost incurred during performance of an activity. Generally, cost per output and outcome are important components in costing. Cost per output implies the total compensation in the factors of production for a particular amount of output. For a human service agency, cost per output would be the total labor cost per specific quantity output. This is an important phenomenon which is used to analyze the ratio between the productivity of labor in relation to the quantity of output.If the change were disproportionate to the percentage change in output, then the labor productivity would be lower. It would imply that the cost for production of increasing amount of output would be higher than the threshold with which the output increases. Such changes in units of inputs/labor would reflect the effect of the net changes in the worker’s compensation which relates to his producti vity. (Sparrow, Brewster, Harris, 2004) Unit costs will substantially cause upward shifts to the firm’s marginal cost and average cost curves. Increasing labor cost per output will then reduce the profits of the organization.Cost per outcome is the average change in the cost of programs over the number of the programs. It is obtained by dividing the total cost of the outcomes by their number. It is important in analyzing the change in the cost for the different outcomes. Outcomes in human resource agency could be the total number of activities and bunches of output produced/performed by the workers as a whole. For every outcome is a labor cost variable attached d to it. However, cost per outcome may be increasingly adverse for different outcomes when compared to the productivity of labor.Cost per outcome is important in studying the relationship between the labor costs involved in the outcome and the relative revenue implied by the outcome. It measures the efficiency with whi ch the total outcome benefit responds to the total labor. It measures the state of cost-benefit efficiency between labor use and the benefits for various activities within an organization. (Sparrow, Brewster, Harris, 2004) Reference. Sparrow, P, Brewster, C & Harris, H. , (2004) Globalizing Human Resource Management. London: Routledge.

Challenges Essay

Challenges When I was 12 years old, I started my second language training in English at a cram school. I was the oldest one in the class which was very embarrassing. At the beginning, it seemed easy. As I progressed to a higher level things became harder and more confusing. My English teacher at junior high school was awesome and was the one who made me start to love the language. Because of her communication skills, excellent teaching ability and passion it made me desperately want to get more involved in learning English.It became my favorite subject. For me, grammar, communicating with people and writing essays are my challenges in learning English. With the most challenging part about developing my English skills was learning the grammar. In English, one word can have several meanings and/or different pronunciations which make it more difficult to understand and learn. For example, the word â€Å"record† has several meanings, including to set in writing or an actual hard c opy of music. Everyone has their own unique accent which makes it difficult to understand.For instance, some people with Middle Eastern accents may pronounce certain words differently to their traditional English pronunciation. One major thing that was different from my native language, Mandarin Chinese, is the order of sentences and the way I write them. When I had a conversation with someone I would think in my native language, then translate into English, and then rearrange the words to make it sound correct. When I was seven years old I started to play tennis. Later I traveled from country to country to play tournaments and I had to speak English in order to communicate with people.If I was playing doubles I would need to communicate with my partner so we were playing correctly. I could not be successful just because of my ability; I had to know English because it is the worst thing in tennis to not be able to communicate. Learning English is very important for me because of thi s. In professional tennis, English is the only language that is used during matches, so I want to study abroad and to get an education in English. Writing a formal essay is a very challenging endeavor, the strategies that I used were comma slices, syntax differentiation and grammar and punctuations.For example, read more English books, magazines, and newspapers to improve my vocabulary skills and comprehension. Since the order of sentences is different from my native language. The tenses, grammar, punctuations and the order of the essay are very easy to make mistakes on. Making the sentences too wordy is the biggest problem for me. As I said, the more practice I do, the more likely I will have a better essay. Some people have better learning skills than others allowing them to catch up more easily than I do but I continue to work every day to improve my writing skills. A large portion of an essay includes vocabulary and its proper use.This is the weakest part for most international students and has been challenging for me, so I carry my electronic dictionary everywhere and it has helped me to write this paper. In the end, it is important for me to learn English for many reasons. Even though it is difficult learning English gives many benefits and opens opportunities for my future. The more practice I have, the less afraid to make mistakes I become and it ultimately will help me to learn new things. English is an international language used to communicate all over the world. Learning to speak other languages, especially English, helps when I apply for a job.It helps my resume allowing me to have a better chance to be hired. My strategies to learn English were and still are to force myself to speak to native English speakers. Talking to native speakers helps me tremendously and it made me start thinking in English when I talked to someone instead of Chinese and then translating in my head. This made my speech better and my responses much quicker. The more I talk , the more I can learn. Learning for me is getting involved with it, not just reading a textbook; we should try to use it in everyday life. I would say you use it or you lose it.

A case study on the murder of Zahid Mubarak, in a young offenders Essay

A case study on the murder of Zahid Mubarak, in a young offenders institute feltham - Essay Example Black inmates felt that they were being â€Å"stereotyped† as being more aggressive and violent and blamed for bullying than their white counterparts. There was also an uncanny tendency among the prison officials to think of â€Å"Blacks† as either drug peddlers or drug takers and there was twice the tendency for them to be tested for drugs than the white inmates. Many of the Black inmates complained that the Black and Ethnic minorities prison officers â€Å"turned a blind eye† to this racial discrimination in order to fit in or be in par with the white officers. Stewart was shifted to Feltham just at a time when it was overcrowded with prisoners and it did not have the necessary staff to cope with the ever growing population. On the whole Feltham was being asked to do too much with too little resources. Moreover the prison also suffered badly from institutional racism and the staff was poorly equipped to deal with it. The case highlights the brutal character of Juvenile detention as well as the criminal tactics used by the ever-growing number of alienated and disturbed youth. Feltham is a prime example of the corrosive atmosphere exists throughout Britain’s penal system, especially in youth detention Institutions. In March 1999, Sir David Ramsbotham, the chief inspector of prisons surveyed the deplorable conditions at Feltham and stated that it was â€Å"totally unacceptable†. The care of those in remand and those boys below eighteen were described by him as â€Å"institutionalized deprivation†. More than 5,000 prisoner to prisoner assaults had taken place over the last ten years. Feltham had seven suicides within the institution and four governors in the past six months. Further investigation by Ramsbotham revealed that young prisoners were spending long hours in their cells. The average activity time spent by the detainees was around 15 hours a week. Out of

CASE STUDY tree Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

CASE STUDY tree - Essay Example It will also help Joan overcome the exceptional situation she is put in. There are various vital points that Joan needs to establish in order to justify her decision to follow the recommendation made by one of her officers that the 16-year-old mentally retarded boy should be provided with a community based treatment. She has to prove all her arguments valid to the reporter and therefore the following points may be put across in justification of the decision. May go about finding fault with the decision taken and rearrange the entire policy in a way that an experienced and more efficient officer is given the responsibility of the entire activity regarding the matter wherein he plays a key role. Although all these are possibilities, the chief probation officer should take the most innovative and judicious steps to see the plans of Joan are carried forward and realized as such an action alone could help the specific case to be resolved. Therefore, he needs to act with extra maturity and consciousness. The recommendation made by the probation officer in relation to the specific case of the 16-year-old child may be criticized on various levels. However, when the facts about the specific case are considered, these criticisms prove to be without any room. There is no situation in which the officer is making an escape from the responsibility. Many often the longevity of probation officers is treated as reason for stress and/or burnout and they â€Å"are more likely to leave the position or try to avoid additional work.† (Peak, 2001). Conversely, the recommendation of the officer is not based on any such reasons. It is a correct recommendation to make considering the given facts. It is particularly notable that the recommendation and the decision with regard to the specific case must be followed through and if any type of